Alerton Visual Logic Software
Alerton provides Alerton products ('Products'), software programs ('Software'). The programmable logic that controls the sequence of operations in BACtalk.
This post will teach you how to program a Building Automation System. But not in the way you think Of all the topics I’ve discussed this is the one, I’ve skirted around the most. You see I’ve been struggling with how to best teach this topic.
Not because I don’t know how to program but rather because each company has a different set of programming tools. So therein lies the rub, how do you teach a topic that is unique to each vendor Well, after a ton of hemming and hawing (that’s a southern US phrase for yall that means I was procrastinating) I decided to ignore the vendor problem and just dive into the basics.
So without further delay. The definitive guide to building automation programming! So what does this guide cover? This guide is going to teach you the fundamentals of BAS programming. Even if you’ve been programming controls for several years you will still find some nuggets in this guide. On the flip side, if you are in sales or management, this guide will help you understand what the “programmers” are doing when they disappear and hit your job for 80 hours of work So here’s how this is going to go down. We are going to start this off by discussing the fundamental concepts of inputs and outputs.
From there we will look at the most common logic blocks and how they work. Then we will dive into several of the step-by-step processes that I use when I am programming. The basics When it comes to programming a BAS there are a couple of core concepts you need to master. Contrary to popular belief, you don’t need a “coding” background to program a BAS. What you need is a logical mind and an understanding of all the “variables”. So what are variables?
As I see it there are three main variables when it comes to programming. These are: • Inputs and Outputs • Networked Variables • Setpoints (both hard-coded and adjustable) Inputs and Outputs Inputs and outputs, pretty simple right? Yet, I can’t begin to tell you how many projects I’ve been on where I was asked to figure out what was wrong with a system only to realize that the inputs were misconfigured. Misconfigured you say? What does that mean?
Well, in the world of BAS, your inputs and outputs are nothing more than electronic components that receive and send digital or analog signals. Take the 0 to 10-volt direct current (VDC) input. If I gave you a 0 to 10 VDC and told you to pull it into your control in order to control a valve could you?
Maybe Would it be effective? Probably not The issue with inputs and outputs has to do with the context of the input and output. You see a 0 to 2000 PPM CO2 sensor has a totally different range and scale than a 0 to 100% RH sensor. Which brings us to the crux of the matter understanding range and scale. I’d love to tell you that there is absolutely no math involved, but that simply isn’t true. The good news is we aren’t talking about Ph.D.
Level mathematics just some basic fractions, division, and multiplication (and by the way, it’s ok to use your calculator!) So if I have a 0 to 100% RH sensor that puts out a 0 to 10-VDC signal. What do I know? Well, let’s look at one and find out. So I grabbed some screenshots from a relative humidity sensor and as you can see this sensor has two potential options a 2 to 10 VDC and a 0 to 10 VDC output. For the sake of simplicity, we are going to look at the 0 to 10 VDC signal. Humidity to voltage proportional chart Take a look at the diagram above and you can see that it has a proportional scale.
But wait, I’m assuming you know what a proportional scale is. A proportional scale is quite simply a predictable output based on an input.
In the graph above for each 1% of relative humidity is 0.1 VDC so 10% relative humidity would be 1 VDC. So the proportional aspect of this scale means that for each specific increase in a value I should represent a set change in my BAS controller. Now here is where things get interesting. In some controllers, you will just edit the input and set the Input and output range manually.
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So for this example, you would set your range of 0 – 10 VDC to equate to 0 – 100%. In some cases, you will have to define the scale. To do this you need to know the level of granularity you want. The easiest way to determine the scale is to divide the input range by the output range. Scale = input Range / output Range As I mentioned earlier, the scale of the humidity sensor would be (.1). So for each.1 increase in voltage, you increase relative humidity by 1%.